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基于单位面积的生态系统服务价值评估方法,结合遥感和GIS技术分析了锡林郭勒草原国家级自然保护区1985—2014年的生态系统服务价值,并探讨了气候变化对该保护区生态系统服务价值变化的贡献率。结果表明:(1)近30年保护区草地面积持续减少,生态系统服务价值总体呈减少趋势,每10年至少减少18亿元;(2)平均温度和降水对保护区生态系统服务价值变化的贡献率至少为52.5%,保护区每10年因气候变化损失的生态系统服务价值至少为9.5亿元;(3)保护区现有生态保护力度一定程度上缓解了气候变化对其生态系统服务功能的影响。本文的研究结果可为建立自然保护区生态补偿机制、制定合理的区域生态保护和经济开发政策以及保护和恢复保护区生物多样性提供较为可靠的依据。
Based on the assessment method of ecosystem service value per unit area, the value of ecosystem services of Xilingol Grassland National Nature Reserve from 1985 to 2014 was analyzed combining with remote sensing and GIS technology, and the impacts of climate change on the ecosystem service value change of the reserve Contribution rate. The results showed that: (1) The past ten years the area of grassland in protected areas continued to decrease, and the value of ecosystem services decreased generally, with a decrease of at least RMB1.8 billion every ten years; (2) Changes in the value of ecosystem services in protected areas due to average temperature and precipitation The contribution rate is at least 52.5%; the ecosystem service value of the protected area for every 10 years due to climate change loss is at least 950 million yuan; (3) The current ecological protection in the protected area relieves to some extent the impact of climate change on its ecosystem service function Impact. The results of this study can provide a more reliable basis for establishing ecological compensation mechanism of nature reserves, formulating reasonable regional ecological protection and economic development policies, and protecting and restoring the biodiversity of protected areas.