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作者把腐植物质的生理效应归结为直接和间接效应。在本文中,作者报告了直接效应中被硝基腐植酸(NHA)引起的通过螯合增加金属元素吸收和促进根的伸长及生理活性的实验,并把土壤腐植腐(SHA)也讨论到了。得到的主要结果归纳如下:(1)NHA 的元素组成和功能团含最比之木质素更接近于 SHA,红外吸收光谱也有同样趋势。但用超离心机沉降平衡法测定的平均分子量 NHA 是17.4×10~3而 SHA 是 38.4×10~3。(2)不同金属的 NHA 螯合物的稳定常数对数值随 PH 值而变。这就是,随着 PH 增加,Fe~(3+)-NHA 下降而 Zn~(2+),Mn~(2+),Ca~(2+)和 Mg~(2+)-NHA 增加,Cu~(2+)-NHA 在 PH5.0时最高。这种倾向和氢氧化物形成的程度有关,这方面 SHA 也是一样。(3)当以 Fe-SHA 给 Fe 时,大豆植物顶部 Fe 浓度增加而根部稍为减少。已用标记的 Fe-NHA 证明 NHA 本身也被大豆根吸收并移位到顶部。在植物不同部位 Fe 和 NHA 的比例不同,说明 Fe-NHA 在根部分解并分别运行。 (4)水稻萌发以后用 NHA 处理使水稻苗的根和顶都伸长,特别是胚根。当根被伸长了,各株植物的养分吸收,根呼吸和α-萘胺被氧化的促进比按干物重计算的高。(5)已经证明用葡聚糖凝胶分离的低分子量级份(<700)在较低浓度促进胚根伸长,而较高级份(700—100000)则在较高浓度促进它。(6)~(14)C-光合产物的从顶到根向下运动因根的伸长而增加,并且结合入细胞壁的半纤维素量明显增加。1975年8月在布拉格第六次“Humusef Planta”国际讨论会上的讲演。
The authors attributed the physiological effects of humic substances to direct and indirect effects. In this paper, we report on experiments of direct effect of nitrohalic acid (NHA) induced increase of metal element absorption through chelation and promotion of root elongation and physiological activity, as well as the discussion of soil humus (SHA) . The main results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) The elemental composition and functional groups of NHA are more similar to SHA than the lignin, and the same trend exists in the infrared absorption spectrum. However, the average molecular weight, NHA, determined by the ultracentrifuge settlement equilibrium method was 17.4 × 10 -3 and SHA was 38.4 × 10 -3. (2) The logarithm of the stability constants of NHA chelates of different metals varies with pH. That is, with the increase of pH, Fe ~ (3 +) - NHA decreased and Zn ~ (2 +), Mn ~ (2+), Ca 2+ and Mg ~ (2 +) - NHA increased while Cu ~ (2 +) - NHA is highest at pH 5.0. This tendency is related to the degree of hydroxide formation, which is the same for SHA. (3) When Fe-SHA was added to Fe, the concentration of Fe on the top of soybean plants increased slightly and the roots slightly decreased. It has been demonstrated with labeled Fe-NHA that NHA itself is also absorbed by the soy root and shifted to the top. The proportion of Fe and NHA in different parts of the plant is different, indicating that Fe-NHA decomposes in the roots and runs separately. (4) NHA treatment after rice germinated the root and top of rice seedlings are elongated, especially radicle. When the roots are elongated, nutrient uptake by each plant, root respiration, and a-naphthylamine are oxidized more than dry weight basis. (5) Low molecular weight fractions (<700) isolated with dextran gels have been shown to promote radicle elongation at lower concentrations while higher fractions (700-100,000) have promoted it at higher concentrations. (6) to (14) The top-to-root downward movement of C-photosynthetic products increases due to the elongation of the roots, and the amount of hemicellulose incorporated into the cell wall increases significantly. August 1975 Lecture at the 6th International Symposium “Humusef Planta” in Prague.