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(一)事情发生以前自从清康熙末叶以後,天主教的传教士们,接受了罗马教皇所发布的凡“有与天主教不相反者许可,相反者俱断不行”的命令後。(一)满清朝廷为防止这些传教士作非法活动,就不许外人在中国传教,这种禁教的期间大约有一百余年,到一八四○年的鸦片战争发生,侵略者便以“教”、“兵”、“商”三位一体的联合力量冲开了中国这一扇关闭很久的大门,为宗教的侵略者造了“转机”。这三者之间的联系是“相倚以行而各互用”的,如中国“屈抑其教,必求以兵胁之”,而兵又须“商人之助其费”,等到“既发
(1) Before the incident took place After the end of the Kangxi period, Catholic missionaries accepted the orders issued by the Pope that “any person who has the permission of the opposite of Catholicism, the opposite party will not be able to do so.” (1) In order to prevent these missionaries from carrying out illegal activities, the Manchu court did not allow foreigners to preach in China. This period of forbidding education lasted for about one hundred years. By the opium war in 1840, the aggressors used “ The united forces of ”teaching,“ ”soldier,“ and ”business“ drew the door that China shut down for a long time and created a ”turning point“ for the invaders of religion. The connection between these three is ”to rely on each other and interoperability“, such as China ”to curb their teachings, must be a threat to the soldiers,“ and soldiers have to ”businessmen help their expenses“ until ” Both made