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公正与效率是当今各国司法改革所追求的共同目标。根据《司法制度改革最终报告》的建议,2003年7月改正后的日本民事诉讼法新设了计划审理制度。这一制度强调诉讼审理应当有计划地推进,在大致确定判决宣告时间的基础上,对诉讼各个阶段的进程作出合理的安排。作为该制度运作的前提整备,2003年的《日本民事诉讼法》(改正)还扩充了提诉前的证据收集程序,导入了提诉预告通知制度;此外,为进一步强化具有专门化特点案件的审理,创设了专门委员制度。上述制度的设立,保证了计划审理制度的顺利实施。计划审理制度除了具有实现诉讼审理的妥当与迅速化的本来机能之外,还有助于实现程序的“可视性”与“透明性”的效果。
Justice and efficiency are the common goals pursued by the judicial reforms in various countries today. According to the “Final Report on the Reform of the Judiciary System”, the revised Japanese Civil Procedure Law of July 2003 established a new system for planning hearings. This system emphasizes that litigation proceedings should be progressed in a planned manner, and on the basis of roughly determining the time of announcement of the judgment, reasonable arrangements should be made for the progress of all stages of litigation. As a precondition for the operation of the system, the Japanese Civil Procedure Law of 2003 (Correction) also expanded the procedures for the collection of evidence before filing a complaint and introduced a notification system for pre-filing of complaints. In addition, in order to further strengthen cases with special characteristics Trial, created a special committee system. The establishment of the above system has guaranteed the smooth implementation of the plan hearing system. In addition to having proper and speedy procedures for litigation, the planning hearing system also helps to achieve the “visibility” and “transparency” of the process.