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目的探讨采用补充营养素对6~12月龄儿童营养性缺铁性贫血的防治效果。方法调查广东省深圳市西丽社区2014年1月-2015年12月出生的儿童共232名为研究对象,随机分为两组,分别为对照组采用正常喂养联合健康宣教,干预组采用正常喂养、营养素补充和健康宣教。观察干预前后的Hb含量和贫血率情况、影响儿童营养性缺铁性贫血的因素。结果通过重复测量的方差分析球形检验显示W=0.979,P=0.085,表明满足球形检验,采用单变量检验。F_(时间点)=77.254,P_(时间点)=0.0001,表明不同时间点的数据差异具有统计学意义;F_(时间点*组别)=51.777,P_(时间点*组别)=0.0001,说明时间点和组别具有交互作用。采用单因素方差分析结果显示干预前两组患者的Hb含量对比无差异,干预3个月和干预6个月的干预组含量高于对照组,对比差异具有统计学意义。对照组、干预组干预前贫血率对比不具有统计学意义;干预后两组的贫血率对比具有统计学意义。对照组和干预组干预后较干预前的贫血率出现下降,其中对照组对比无差异,干预组下降较干预前对比具有统计学意义。多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明营养素补充、母亲孕期贫血、人工喂养、反复腹泻是儿童营养性缺铁性贫血的影响因素。结论补充营养素能有效地降低社区6~12月龄儿童的营养性缺铁性贫血患病率,提高儿童的血红蛋白含量。
Objective To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of nutritional supplements on nutritional iron deficiency anemia in children aged 6 ~ 12 months. Methods A total of 232 children born in Xili Community, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province from January 2014 to December 2015 were investigated. They were randomly divided into two groups: control group, normal group and healthy group; normal group , Nutrient replenishment and health education. Observe Hb content and anemia rate before and after intervention, factors affecting children’s nutritional deficiencies of iron deficiency anemia. Results ANOVA analysis by repeated measures The spherical test showed that W = 0.979, P = 0.085, indicating that the spherical test was satisfied and the univariate test was used. F_ (time point) = 77.254, P_ (time point) = 0.0001, indicating that the data at different time points were statistically significant; F_ (time point group *) = 51.777, P_ (time point * group) = 0.0001, Explain that time points interact with groups. The results of one-way ANOVA showed that there was no difference in Hb content between the two groups before intervention, and the content of Hb in intervention group 3 months and intervention 6 months was higher than that in control group, the difference was statistically significant. In the control group and the intervention group, the anemia rate before intervention was not statistically significant; after the intervention, the anemia rate in the two groups was statistically significant. In the control group and the intervention group, the rate of anemia was lower than that before the intervention, in which there was no difference in the control group and the intervention group had a statistically significant decrease compared with the pre-intervention group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that nutrient supplement, mother’s anemia during pregnancy, artificial feeding and repeated diarrhea were the influencing factors of nutritional iron deficiency anemia in children. Conclusion Supplemental nutrients can effectively reduce the prevalence of nutritional iron deficiency anemia in children aged 6-12 months and improve the hemoglobin content of children.