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智慧城市包含智慧政务、智慧交通、智慧社区、智慧环境、智慧公民等一系列的概念内涵。智慧城市不应该是其各个子系统的简单拼合,它应该是在数据开放和分权明确的前提下对各项服务的有机整合。这就对智慧城市的大数据服务平台提出了非常高的要求。从技术上,智慧城市大数据平台应该具备高可靠性、高性能、多用途、抗攻击和灾备恢复能力。从业务上,该平台应该具备权限分级、信息授权和准入管理等能力。从实际操作上,采用中心化技术方案实现满足上述要求的大数据平台需要投入大量的研发资源和设备资源,并且需要持续的运营投入。本文提出采用区块链技术作为智慧城市的大数据平台底层技术框架,将数据开放、数据授权、数据服务以分布式、去中心化的形式保存起来,并进一步利用智能合约对数据、设备、市民、企业、政府机关进行可编程的有机整合,合理有效地解决传统大数据平台的成本高、开放度低和灵活性差等难题。
Smart cities include a series of concepts such as smart government affairs, smart traffic, smart communities, smart environment and smart citizens. Smart cities should not be a simple combination of their subsystems. They should be the organic integration of services under the premise of open data and decentralization. This smart city big data service platform made a very high demand. Technically, the smart city big data platform should have high reliability, high performance, multi-purpose, anti-attack and disaster recovery capabilities. From the business point of view, the platform should have the capabilities of grading of rights, authorization of information and admission management. In practice, a big data platform that uses a centralized technology solution to meet the above requirements requires a lot of R & D resources and equipment resources, and requires continuous operation and investment. This paper proposes to use the blockchain technology as the underlying technical framework of the big data platform of the smart city. The data openness, data authorization and data services are stored in a decentralized and decentralized form. Further, smart contracts are used to data, equipment, citizens , Enterprises, government agencies for programmable organic integration, reasonable and effective solution to the traditional high-cost data platform, high cost, low openness and poor flexibility problems.