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目的了解赞皇县留守儿童干预后国家免疫规划疫苗接种率状况,为今后开展工作提供科学依据。方法通过采用预防接种新模式、定期查漏补种、加强督导、改善预防接种服务形式、健康教育等综合性干预措施对全县6岁以下留守儿童接种率进行调查,并对监护人开展免疫知识问卷调查,同时在周围选择年龄、性别相近且父母均在家的儿童进行对照。所有数据用Excel 2003软件建立数据库进行数据录入,采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果留守儿童与对照儿童国家免疫规划疫苗基础免疫全程接种率分别为95.26%、95.84%,加强免疫接种率分别为93.88%、94.47%,χ2检验差异均无统计学意义(χ2=0.726、0.271,P>0.05)。监护人问卷调查知晓率分别为87.86%、94.15%,χ2检验差异有统计学意义(χ2=64.572,P<0.05)。结论干预后,留守儿童与对照儿童基础免疫、加强免疫接种率均在90%以上,实现了国家免疫规划服务均等化的工作目标。
Objective To understand the vaccination rate of national immunization programs after left-behind children in Zanhuang County and provide a scientific basis for future work. Methods The vaccination rate of left behind children under the age of 6 in the county was surveyed by adopting new modes of vaccination, regular leak detection and replantation, strengthening supervision, improving the forms of vaccination services and health education, and conducted questionnaire on immune knowledge to guardians Survey, while the surrounding selection of age, gender and parents are at home children were compared. All data were set up by Excel 2003 software database for data entry, using SPSS 17.0 software for statistical analysis. Results The immunization coverage rate of national basic immunization vaccine for left-behind children and control children was 95.26% and 95.84% respectively, and the rates of booster immunization were 93.88% and 94.47% respectively. There was no significant difference in χ2 test (χ2 = 0.726,0.271, P> 0.05). The guardians’ awareness rate of questionnaire survey was 87.86% and 94.15%, respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 64.572, P <0.05). Conclusions After intervention, the basic immunity and the strengthened vaccination rate of left-behind children and control children are above 90%, achieving the goal of equalization of national immunization planning services.