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目的了解南昌市中老年人群吸烟和被动吸烟情况。方法于2011年6-12月采用多阶段随机抽样方法对南昌市中老年≥40岁的常住居民10 071人,进行问卷调查。结果现在吸烟率为22.3%,其中男女性现在吸烟率分别为47.4%和5.4%,吸烟者以吸卷烟为主,中度吸烟所占比例最高占11.3%,极重度吸烟其次占7.3%,戒烟率为18.1%。被动吸烟率为35.5%,其中男女性被动吸烟率分别为35.2%和35.7%,以轻度被动吸烟为主占27.2%,中度及重度被动吸烟持平分别为4.2%和4.1%。且职业及文化程度差异与吸烟情况密切相关。结论南昌市中老年人吸烟、被动吸烟率偏高,关注吸烟对中老年人累积效应的危害,进一步提高居民对吸烟的认识,降低吸烟率。
Objective To understand the smoking and passive smoking among middle-aged and elderly people in Nanchang. Methods From June to December in 2011, a total of 10 071 permanent residents ≥40 years of middle-aged and old people in Nanchang were surveyed by multistage random sampling. The results showed that the current smoking rate was 22.3%. Among them, the current smoking rates of men and women were 47.4% and 5.4% respectively. Smoker mainly used smoking cigarettes, with the highest proportion of moderate smoking accounting for 11.3%, the second most serious smoking 7.3% The rate was 18.1%. The rate of passive smoking was 35.5%, of which passive smoking rates were 35.2% and 35.7% for men and women, 27.2% for mild passive smoking and 4.2% and 4.1% for moderate and severe passive smoking respectively. And the differences of occupations and educational level are closely related to smoking status. Conclusion The smoking and passive smoking rates of middle-aged and elderly people in Nanchang are high. They are concerned about the harm of smoking to the cumulative effect of middle-aged and elderly people, and further raise residents’ awareness of smoking and lower the smoking rate.