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为了探索马鼻狂蝇幼虫感染的细胞和体液免疫情况,选取在呼和浩特屠宰场收集到的8例马鼻狂蝇幼虫感染的蒙古马为感染组,以5匹健康蒙古马为对照组.马咽部切片HE(haematoxylin and eosin)染色发现感染组马的咽部巨噬细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞增多,咽部黏膜增生、坏死,出现不同程度增生性炎(2龄和3龄幼虫寄生处).通过对感染组马鼻腔分泌黏液、血液间接酶联免疫吸附测定法(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)和咽部组织免疫组化方法检测,发现在感染组马鼻腔分泌的黏液和血清中有大量特异性IgG抗体;马咽部出现大量分泌IgG阳性细胞.初步探索了马鼻狂蝇幼虫感染马的病理变化和免疫机制.“,”In order to investigate the situation of cellular and humoral immunity infected by Rhinoestrus spp.larva in Mongolian horse,this experiment selected 8 horses infected by Rhinoestrus spp.larva from slaughter house in Hohhot as infected group and 5 healthy horses as the control group.The presence of larvae induced a huge local recruitment of either leucocytes (macrophages) or granulocytes (eosinophils,mast cells).This cellular response was pronounced in the Mongolian horse pharyngeal (development sites of second and third instar larvae).Infected horse produced Rhinoestrus spp.specific IgG antibodies in their mucus and serum.Compared to the control group,the sinusal mucosa of infected animals was extremely thickened and the epithelium exhibited hyperplasia,metaplasia and eosinophilic exocytosis.This experiment initially explored the pathological changes and immunologic mechanism of horse infected by Rhinoestrus spp.larvae.