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目的探讨癫癎持续状态(SE)的常见病因、诱因及疗效,以期提高对本病的防范及治疗。方法对未经治疗者选用地西泮静脉推注或1%水合氯醛保留灌肠,症状控制者继以苯巴比妥钠针预防复发;症状未控制或入院前已在外院治疗而未好转者予注射用丙戊酸钠针静脉治疗,症状控制后继以丙戊酸钠糖浆预防复发。结果21例中,3例为癫癎未治疗,6例癫癎未经正规治疗,3例癫癎患儿发生于急性呼吸道感染,4例无诱因首发,3例发生于病毒性脑炎,停药后复发、脑外伤各1例。4例死亡,均为未经正规治疗患儿。丙戊酸钠对SE治疗有效,但对长时间发作者疗效不理想。结论SE的发生及预后与原发病密切相关,应强调预防为主。一旦发生SE,强调早识别、早治疗,以免发作时间过长而不可逆转。
Objective To investigate the common etiology, inducement and efficacy of epileptic seizure (SE) in order to improve the prevention and treatment of this disease. Methods In the untreated group, the patients were given intravenous injection of diazepam or 1% chloral hydrate retention enema. The symptom controller followed phenobarbital sodium needle to prevent recurrence. The symptoms were uncontrolled or treated in the hospital without hospitalization before admission The injection of sodium valproate needle vein treatment, symptoms follow-up sodium valproate syrup to prevent recurrence. Results Of the 21 cases, 3 were untreated epilepsy, 6 had epilepsy without formal treatment, 3 had epilepsy in acute respiratory infections, 4 had no predisposition, 3 had viral encephalitis, stopped Recurrence after medicine, brain trauma in 1 case. Four died, both without formal treatment of children. Sodium valproate treatment of SE effective, but long-term effects of suboptimal. Conclusions The occurrence and prognosis of SE are closely related to the primary disease, and prevention should be emphasized. Once the occurrence of SE, emphasizing early identification, early treatment, so as not to attack for too long and irreversible.