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高产品种诸多经济性状的量值都有不同程度的增长,其中以节荚数和粒茎比值增量最大。其形态性状株型向矮壮紧凑型变迁。粒茎比值高、茎重适宜、光效高才是高产品种的重要特点。 F_2代粒茎比值呈连续遗传变异,组合发生正负向超亲变异机率较高为60％,个体发生正负向超亲变异机率极低,其中正向仅0.98％。亲本对F_2代粒茎比值有较大影响,有倾大值和小值亲本两种遗传倾向,但以倾小值亲本为主要遗传变异特征。 粒茎比值与诸多的经济性状,形态性状为相互联系互为制约关系,对株粒重有较大的增量效应。粒茎比值遗传力较低,均值为43.13％。个体正向超亲变异机率又极低,表明通过选育粒茎比值高,综合性状又优良进而增加产量是一件难度很大的工作,但是经过努力是可以办到的。
The value of many economic traits in high-yielding cultivars all increased to some extent, of which the increment of pod number and grain-stem ratio was the largest. Morphological traits to the short form of compact changes. High grain-stem ratio, suitable stem weight, high light efficiency is an important feature of high-yielding varieties. The ratio of grain to stem in F_2 showed a continuous genetic variation with a high probability of 60% for the combination of positive and negative super-parents. The probability of positive and negative super-parents mutation was very low, of which the positive rate was only 0.98%. The parents had a greater impact on the stalk ratio of F_2 generations, with two genetic predispositions of larger values and smaller values, but the parents with smaller values were the major genetic variations. The grain-stem ratio and many economic and morphological traits are interrelated and mutually restrictive, and have a large incremental effect on grain weight. The grain-stem ratio of heritability is low, with an average of 43.13%. The rate of individuals with positive transgender variation is very low, indicating that it is a very difficult task to select high yield of grains and stems and to improve the yield of comprehensive traits. However, efforts can be made.