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目的了解广东省居民扭伤伤害的流行病学特征,为开展居民扭伤预防干预提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,以问卷方式调查广东省18510名调查对象一年内扭伤发生情况。结果18510调查对象一年内1109人次发生扭伤,扭伤的人次发生率为6.0%(占所有伤害的19.7%)。其中男性、女性发生率分别为7.4%和4.5%,男性高于女性(χ2=67.72,P<0.001);城市为5.6%,农村为6.4%,农村高于城市(χ2=6.01,P<0.05);下肢是扭伤最常见的受伤部位,占47.9%;最常见的扭伤地点是学校(33.3%)、家里(27.3%)和路上(12.4%)。27.2%受伤居民需医院门诊处理,3.2%的扭伤居民需住院治疗,无残疾发生;52.3%居民扭伤后不需要休息,16.7%扭伤居民需休息2～7d。结论扭伤严重影响广东省居民的健康,给家庭和社会造成经济损失。预防重点是根据不同人群进行健康安全教育,提高其安全知识水平。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of sprain injuries among residents in Guangdong Province, and to provide basis for prevention and treatment of residents sprain. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the incidence of sprain within one year in 18510 subjects in Guangdong Province by questionnaire. Results 18510 respondents 1,109 people within a year of occurrence of sprains, sprains, the incidence was 6.0% (19.7% of all injuries). Incidence rates of males and females were 7.4% and 4.5%, respectively, higher in males than females (χ2 = 67.72, P <0.001); 5.6% in urban areas, 6.4% in rural areas and higher in rural areas than in urban areas (χ2 = 6.01, P <0.05 ); Lower extremity was the most common injury site of sprain, accounting for 47.9%; the most common sprain sites were school (33.3%), home (27.3%) and road (12.4%). 27.2% of residents were hospitalized, and 3.2% of them were hospitalized without any disability; 52.3% residents did not need to rest after sprain and 16.7% residents needed rest 2 ~ 7d. Conclusion Sprains seriously affect the health of residents in Guangdong Province and cause economic losses to families and society. Prevention focuses on health and safety education for different groups of people to improve their safety knowledge.