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目的了解广州地区儿童维生素D(Vit D)营养状况,分析儿童超重肥胖与Vit D营养状况的关系,为儿童Vit D的合理补充、预防Vit D缺乏性疾病提供科学依据。方法采用横断面研究,收集广东省妇幼保健院健康体检儿童的年龄、性别,测量身高、体重,计算体质指数(BMI),采集空腹静脉血,用化学发光法检测血清中25-羟维生素D[25-(OH)D]水平。结果共收集7 578名儿童,血清25-(OH)D平均水平为(98.57±39.96)nmol/L,其中男童为(98.58±39.64)nmol/L,女童为(98.56±40.38)nmol/L,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);658名儿童Vit D缺乏(8.68%)、1 602名儿童Vit D不足(21.14%),不同性别儿童Vit D缺乏率及不足率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄儿童血清25-(OH)D水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),血清25-(OH)D水平随年龄增加逐渐下降;不同年龄儿童Vit D营养状况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Vit D缺乏率及不足率随年龄增加而升高(χ2趋势=275.266,P<0.05)。超重、肥胖儿童血清25-(OH)D水平低于正常儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);超重、肥胖儿童Vit D缺乏率及不足率均高于正常儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清25-(OH)D水平与BMI呈负相关(P<0.001)。结论广州地区学龄儿童和超重肥胖儿童Vit D营养状况均较差,应重视儿童尤其是学龄儿童、超重、肥胖儿童Vit D的合理补充。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of Vitamin D in children in Guangzhou and to analyze the relationship between overweight and obesity in children and the nutritional status of Vit D in order to provide a scientific basis for the rational supplementation of Vit D in children and prevention of Vit D deficiency diseases. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted to collect the age and sex of healthy children in Guangdong MCH hospital, the height and weight were measured, body mass index (BMI) was calculated, fasting venous blood was collected, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25- (OH) D] level. Results A total of 7 578 children were collected. The average level of serum 25- (OH) D was (98.57 ± 39.96) nmol / L, in which 98.58 ± 39.64 nmol / L for boys and 98.56 ± 40.38 nmol / L for girls (P> 0.05). There were 658 children with Vit D deficiency (8.68%) and 1,602 children with VitD deficiency (21.14%). There was no significant difference in Vit D deficiency rate and deficiency rate between children of different genders (P> 0.05). The levels of serum 25- (OH) D in children of different ages had statistical significance (P <0.05), while the levels of serum 25- (OH) D decreased with age. The Vit D nutritional status of children of different ages had statistical significance (P <0.05). Vit D deficiency rate and deficiency rate increased with age (χ2 trend = 275.266, P <0.05). The level of serum 25- (OH) D in overweight and obese children was lower than that in normal children (P <0.05), and the Vit D deficiency rate and insufficiency rate in overweight and obesity children were higher than those in normal children (P <0.05). Serum 25- (OH) D levels were negatively correlated with BMI (P <0.001). Conclusions The nutritional status of Vit D in school-age children and overweight and obese children in Guangzhou is poor. Vit D, especially for school-age children, overweight and obesity children, should be paid attention to.