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一、概述三峡水利枢纽施工期导流设计流量达79000m~3/S,居世界首位。在工程可行性论证阶段,拟议中的施工期明渠不通航导流方案中,需在右岸明渠中设29个断面为5.5×20m的导流底孔,并与其上面的坝体缺口进行双层泄流渡汛;后期由导流底孔与24个深孔配合泄洪,该底孔为窄深式孔口,高宽比(D/B)已超出一般指标达3.64,施工期运行长达4～5年,因此其水力学问题比较复杂。如:运行水头多变,反复出现明满流过渡流态;与缺口形成双层过水流态;
I. Overview The design flow of the diversion of the Three Gorges Project reaches 79000m 3 / S, ranking first in the world. In the project feasibility study stage, in the proposed non-navigable diversion project for open channel under construction, 29 diversion bottom holes with a cross section of 5.5 × 20m shall be set up in the right bank open channel and double-decked with the notches above the dam The latter part of which is matched with 24 deep holes by the diversion bottom hole and the bottom hole is a narrow deep hole with the aspect ratio (D / B) exceeding the general index of 3.64 and the construction period of up to 4 ~ 5 years, so its hydraulic problems more complicated. Such as: changing the head of the operation, recurring Mingliu flow transitional state; and the gap to form a double flow state;