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由于我国矿井建设的需要,竖井表土层地压的计算已成为一个重要课题。《中国矿业学院学报》于1979年第一期发表了“立井厚表土层地压的理论与实践”一文(以下简称“立”文),阅后,我认为文中在理论方面的阐述是有问题的。而且该文的题目虽然强调了“厚表土”,但在理论上并未对多层土壤的地压计算作出探讨,文中最后所举的表土深600米的算例,用夹心墙公式对不同深度的地压计算用的是同一内摩擦角,也就是仅研究的单一土层。这样厚的单一土层实际上是不存在的,所以“立”文研究得并不“厚”。本文在分析过去竖井表土层地压计算公式存在问题的基础上,区别各种情况,重点研究多层土壤情况下竖向荷载的传递,对深表土层的竖井地压计算作些探讨和建议。
Due to the needs of mine construction in our country, the calculation of shaft topsoil pressure has become an important issue. In the first issue of “Journal of China Institute of Mining”, a paper entitled “The Theory and Practice of Stratum Pressurization in Vertical Shaft” (hereinafter referred to as “Li”) was published in 1979, and after reading, I think there is a problem with the theoretical explanation of. And although the article emphasizes “thick topsoil”, in theory it does not discuss the calculation of the ground pressure of multi-layer soil. In the final example, the example of topsoil 600 meters deep, The ground pressure calculation uses the same internal friction angle, that is, only the study of a single soil layer. Such a thick single layer actually does not exist, so the study of “legislation” is not “thick”. In this paper, based on the analysis of the problems existing in the calculation formula of the surface soil pressure of the shaft in the past, different situations are distinguished, and the vertical load transfer in the case of the multi-layer soil is studied emphatically. Some discussions and suggestions are put forward for the calculation of the shaft pressure in the deep soil.