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垄断资本主义时期生产的扩大使人们被劳动所奴役,他们不能获得快乐而只视劳动为生存手段。人性在被金钱支配的社会里扭曲了人与人之间冷漠,传统道德丧失殆尽。人性异化的灾难在奥尼尔的戏剧中,尤其在《榆树下的欲望》和《进入长夜的漫长旅程》中有充分体现。作为现代理论,马克思主义异化说阐释了现代悲剧中人本体悲剧的原因,并指出人性复苏的必然条件。
The expansion of production during monopoly capitalism allowed people to be enslaved by labor, and they could not enjoy happiness but merely regard labor as means of subsistence. Humanity distorts the indifference between people in the dominated society and the loss of traditional morality. Disasters of alienation of humanity are fully reflected in O’Neill’s drama, especially “the desire under the elm tree” and “the long journey into the night.” As a modern theory, Marxist alienation expounds the reasons for the tragedy of human being in modern tragedies and points out the necessary conditions for the recovery of human nature.