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目的:探讨广州社区中老年人骨肌减少症(OS)与跌倒、骨折风险、营养不良指标的相关性。方法:选取2017年12月至2019年12月在广州社区居住中老年人(40～90岁)253例进行横断面研究，通过双能X线吸收法检测骨密度、生物阻抗法分析身体成分、握力，步态速度测定，以及在线的骨折风险预测工具FRAX计算患者10年主要部位骨质疏松性骨折和髋部骨折风险。结果:依据亚洲肌少症工作组(AWGS)和欧洲肌少症工作组(EWCSOP2)诊断标准定义的OS发生率分别为5.1%～7.6%，5.1%～11.4%。校正年龄和性别后，n Logistic回归分析显示：OS与跌倒、骨折风险、营养不良指标具有相关性。应用AWGS标准诊断的OS与跌倒(n OR＝3.27～5.68，n P<0.05)，非严重有肌肉减少症(SP)标准诊断的OS与髋部骨折风险(n OR＝1.14～1.15，n P<0.05)，去脂体重指数(FFMI)与不同定义的OS呈强相关(n OR＝0.21～0.48，n P<0.05)。n 结论:广州社区中老年人中OS患者的跌倒、骨折与营养不良风险更高，FFMI是OS的独立性危险因素。“,”Objective:To investigate the association of osteosarcopenia with falls, risk of fracture, malnutrition among middle-aged and elderly adults.Methods:A total of 253 participants dwelling in Guangzhou community aged 40-90 years were included in this cross-sectional study from December 2017 to December 2019.Bone mineral density(BMD)was detected by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). Body composition was analyzed by a bioelectrical impedance analysis.Handgrip strength and gait speed were examined.The 10-year probability of a major osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture were evaluated by online WHO fracture risk assessment n tool(n FRAX?).n Results:According to diagnostic criteria of AWGS and EWGSOP2, the incidences of osteosarcopenia varied from 5.1% to 7.6%, 5.1% to 11.4% respectively.After the adjustment for age and gender, Logistic regression analysis showed that osteosarcopenia was correlated with falls, risk of fracture and malnutrition.Osteosarcopenia definited by AWGS criteria was strongly correlated with falls(n OR=3.27-5.68, n P<0.05), osteosarcopenia definited by non-severe sarcopenia criteria was strongly correlated with the risk of hip fracture(n OR=1.14-1.15, n P<0.05), and fat-free mass index was strongly correlated with osteosarcopenia with different definitions(n OR=0.21-0.48, n P<0.05).n Conclusions:Osteosarcopenia is associated with higher risk of falls, fracture and malnutrition in the Guangzhou community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly adults, and fat-free mass index is an independent risk factor for osteosarcopenia.