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目的回顾性分析南京儿童医院呼吸系统患者9种呼吸道病原体感染的临床分布情况,有助于临床医生对儿童呼吸道感染疾病的诊治。方法采用间接免疫荧光法对血清中9种病原体的Ig M抗体进行检测,并对其感染病原体情况进行回顾性分析。结果入选患儿共12 042例,感染阳性4 622例,阳性率为38.38%;总体阳性项目数5 509项,总检出率为45.75%。阳性率高的前5种病原体分别为MP(34.16%)、RSV(5.95%)、ADV(2.8%)、PIV(1.43%)、Flu B(0.73%)。MP、Flu B和PIV的阳性率女童高于男童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。除COX病原体外,其他病原体的感染在不同年龄组的分布差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。大部分病原体的感染呈季节性分布且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 MP、RSV和ADV是儿童呼吸道感染的主要病原体,MP、FluB和PIV感染阳性率女童高于男童,并且大多病原体感染均具有年龄和季节分布的特点。
Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical distribution of 9 respiratory pathogens in patients with respiratory system in Nanjing Children’s Hospital and to help clinicians diagnose and treat children’s respiratory infections. Methods IgM antibodies against 9 pathogens in serum were detected by indirect immunofluorescence and retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 12 042 children were enrolled in this study. The number of positive cases was 4 622, with a positive rate of 38.38%. The total number of positive items was 5 509 with a total detection rate of 45.75%. The top 5 pathogens with high positive rate were MP (34.16%), RSV (5.95%), ADV (2.8%), PIV (1.43%) and FluB (0.73%) respectively. The positive rate of MP, Flu B and PIV in girls was higher than that in boys, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). In addition to COX pathogens, the distribution of other pathogens in different age groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). Most of the pathogen infection was seasonal distribution and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions MP, RSV and ADV are the major pathogens of respiratory tract infections in children. The positive rates of MP, FluB and PIV in girls are higher than those in boys, and most of the pathogens are characterized by age and season distribution.