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1 概述 铝及铝合金的可焊性是很差的。由于铝的化学活泼性强,与空气接触时,会在其表面形成一层致密结实的Al_2O_3薄膜。Al_2O_3熔点高达2050℃。在焊接过程中,Al_2O_3阻碍着金属之间的结合而形成夹渣。铝的导热性很强,约为钢的两倍。焊接时,热量被迅速地传递到基体金属内部,因而焊接接头需要更多的热量。所以,铝及铝合金焊接的关键在于解决氧化铝薄膜的阻碍作用和获取能量集中的热源。
1 Overview The weldability of aluminum and aluminum alloys is poor. Due to the strong chemical activity of aluminum, when in contact with air, a dense and solid Al 2 O 3 thin film is formed on the surface. Al_2O_3 melting point up to 2050 ℃. During the welding process, Al 2 O 3 hinders the bonding between metals to form slag. The thermal conductivity of aluminum is very strong, about double that of steel. When welding, heat is quickly transferred to the interior of the base metal, so welding joints require more heat. Therefore, the key to aluminum and aluminum alloy welding is to solve the obstruction of alumina film and obtain energy concentrated heat source.