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安全法规对车辆的耐撞性能提出了要求，性能优越的能量吸收结构可以有效地改善汽车的耐撞性能。文中研究了多种金属材料的薄壁圆柱管沿轴向压缩的历程，总结了轴对称叠缩型、过渡型、非轴对称叠缩型和翻裂型４种典型的破坏模式，它们与能量吸收机理和冲击历程紧密相关。比较了不同类型吸能结构的缓冲和吸能性能，并对这类能量吸收结构的设计提出了建议。
Safety laws and regulations on the crashworthiness of the vehicle put forward requirements, superior performance of the energy absorption structure can effectively improve the car crashworthiness. In this paper, the history of thin-walled cylindrical tubes with many kinds of metal materials is investigated. Four typical failure modes of axial symmetric, transitional, non-axisymmetric and fission types are summarized. Absorption mechanism and impact history are closely related. The cushioning and energy absorption properties of different types of energy-absorbing structures are compared, and the design of such energy absorbing structures is proposed.