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目的了解上海市徐汇区糖尿病患者食物中钙摄入的情况以及和血糖控制水平的关系,探讨社区居民糖尿病血糖控制的相关因素和干预措施。方法采取二阶段分层随机抽样方法,选取上海市徐汇区四家街道社区卫生服务中心60~75岁在册管理糖尿病患者中抽取单纯2型糖尿病患者共311人进行上门健康问卷调查和实验室相关指标检测,并对干预组给予营养学干预。问卷调查内容包括:基本情况及连续3 d 24 h膳食回顾;体格检查包括测量身高、体重;实验室检查检测静脉和末梢空腹血糖。使用SPSS16.0统计学软件进行统计分析。结果糖尿病患者总体钙摄入中位数为524.6(375.5~733.7)mg/d,摄入达标者仅占调查对象的13.2%。其中男性钙摄入量高于女性(P<0.05);干预组干预后钙摄入人群分布情况、钙摄入量与基线相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);钙摄入量和血糖控制水平未见统计学关联(P>0.05)。干预后总体样本血糖控制不良组钙摄入量高于控制良好组(P<0.05)。结论上海市徐汇区2型糖尿病患者膳食钙摄入量普遍不足,营养干预后糖尿病患者膳食钙结构更为合理,干预效果良好。应加强对社区糖尿病患者尤其是60岁以上女性的膳食干预。
Objective To investigate the relationship between dietary calcium intake and blood sugar control in diabetic patients in Xuhui District, Shanghai, and to explore the related factors and interventions for controlling diabetic blood sugar in community residents. Methods A two-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select 311 people with simple type 2 diabetes who took 60 to 75 years old from community-based community health service centers of four streets in Xuhui District, Shanghai to carry out on-site health questionnaire and laboratory related indicators Test, and intervention group to give nutrition intervention. The survey included: basic information and a 3-week 24-hour diet review; physical examination included measuring height and weight; and laboratory tests for detecting fasting and peripheral fasting blood glucose. Use SPSS16.0 statistical software for statistical analysis. Results The median total calcium intake of diabetic patients was 524.6 (375.5-733.7) mg / d, and the intake of those who reached the standard only accounted for 13.2% of the respondents. (P <0.05). The distribution of calcium intake in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the baseline (P <0.01). The calcium intake There was no statistical relationship between the level of glycemic control and the level of glycemic control (P> 0.05). After intervention, the total amount of calcium intake in the poor glucose control group was higher than that in the well-controlled group (P <0.05). Conclusion The dietary calcium intake of type 2 diabetic patients in Xuhui District of Shanghai is generally inadequate. The dietary calcium structure of diabetic patients is more reasonable and the intervention effect is good. Dietary interventions should be strengthened in community diabetic patients, especially those over the age of 60.