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一、海商法第四十二条第三项规定的托运人,既可以是海上货物运输合同的缔约人,也可以是交货人。提单只是海上货物运输合同存在的证明,而且不是惟一的证明。当提单主体与海上货物运输合同主体不一致时,在没有书面合同的情况下,人民法院可以根据履行义务的实际情况来确定海上货物运输合同中的托运人。二、因无单放货使托运人不能收回货款,承运人应当向托运人承担赔偿责任。托运人在启运港持未经贸易流转的正本提单起诉承运人的,不存在海上货物运输合同关系中可以凭提单向承运人主张提货权利的第三人,不需要解决提单持有人有无提货权的问题。
1. The shipper stipulated in Paragraph 3 of Article 42 of the Maritime Law may either be a contractor in the contract of carriage of goods by sea or a delivery person. The bill of lading is only evidence of the existence of a contract of carriage of goods by sea and is not the only proof. When the main bill of lading is inconsistent with the subject of the contract of carriage of goods by sea, without a written contract, the people’s court may determine the shipper in the contract of carriage of goods by sea according to the actual conditions for fulfilling the obligation. Second, because the delivery of goods without the bill of lading so that the shipper can not recover the payment, the carrier should bear the liability of compensation to the shipper. Shipper in the port of departure with the original bill of lading without trade flow prosecution of the carrier, there is no contract of carriage of goods by sea on the bill of lading claims to the carrier the right to pick up the third person does not need to solve the bill of lading holders with or without delivery The issue of power.