论文部分内容阅读
目前,苏联主要采用露天法开采铁矿。1980年露天开采的铁矿石4亿多吨。将来预计增大露天开采量。现有的企业主要通过提高开采强度发展生产能力。就导致矿山工程的年下降速度很快,并使矿岩运费的比重增大。由于目前露天矿的深度已增到200～250米,矿岩运费的比重约占60％,而矿岩运输所需劳动力约占60～65％。因此,深露天矿运输问题具有头等重要的意义。根据业已进行的研究确定,深露天矿必须采用汽车-胶带机联合运输(间断-连续工艺)。在苏联英古列茨采选公司首次设计和应用了间断-连续工艺。在该公司,已对深部水平斜井开拓的主要参数、转载站的结构、胶带运输线的生产能力以及其他问题进行了论证。其后,在新克里沃罗格采选公司、北部采选公司安诺夫露天矿和南部采选公司也采用了这种工艺。在所有的已批准的大型露天铁矿的设计中,均规定采用间断-连续工艺。这种工艺得以广泛应用是由于它使铁矿石的开采成本降低25～30％,工人劳动生产率提高30～50％,运费降低42％,汽车需用量减少35％,同时减少了露天矿内粉尘。
At present, the Soviet Union mainly uses open-air mining of iron ore. Open-pit mining in 1980 more than 400 million tons of iron ore. The future is expected to increase open-pit mining. The existing enterprises mainly develop their production capacity by increasing the intensity of exploitation. This has led to a rapid decline in annual mine projects and an increase in the proportion of ore freight. Since the depth of open-pit mines has been increased to 200-250 meters, the proportion of ore-rock freight accounts for about 60%, while that of ore-rock transportation accounts for about 60-65%. Therefore, the problem of transportation in the deep open pit mine is of paramount importance. According to the research conducted, it has been determined that the deep open-pit mine must be combined with a car-belt conveyor (discontinuous-continuous process). For the first time, the discontinuous-continuous process was designed and applied at the British company Guzmotz. At the company, the main parameters for the development of deep horizontal sloping wells, the structure of the transfer station, the capacity of the tape transport line and other issues have been demonstrated. Later, the new Krivoy Rogan mining company, the northern mining company Anov opencast mining company and the South also adopted this process. All of the approved designs for large open-pit iron mines require the use of discontinuous-continuous processes. This process is widely used because it reduces iron ore mining costs by 25-30%, workers labor productivity by 30-50%, shipping costs by 42%, vehicle usage by 35%, and reduces the amount of dust in open-pit mines .