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目的研究联合饮食与运动的行为干预对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者血糖的影响,为GDM的治疗提供依据。方法选择2011年3月-2012年12月诊断的116例GDM患者为研究对象,按照患者意愿分为研究组72例和对照组44例。研究组进行饮食与运动的行为干预,包括饮食指导、发放小册子、制定运动方案等;对照组仅给予一般的口头指导和宣教资料;用统一的调查问卷收集所有研究对象的相关资料,每3天随访1次,2周后复查,比较两组干预前后进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)结果及血糖异常发生率。结果干预后,研究组GDM患者OGTT空腹、1 h、2 h血糖降低(P<0.05),均低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组GDM患者OGTT空腹、1 h、2 h血糖异常率均低于对照组及干预前(P<0.05)。结论联合饮食与运动的行为干预可控制GDM患者血糖水平,是GDM治疗的重要方法。
Objective To study the effect of combined diet and exercise behavioral intervention on blood glucose in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to provide basis for the treatment of GDM. Methods A total of 116 patients with GDM diagnosed from March 2011 to December 2012 were selected as study subjects and divided into study group (72 cases) and control group (44 cases) according to patients’ wishes. The study group conducted behavioral interventions on diet and exercise, including dietary guidance, distribution of pamphlets, development of exercise programs and so on. The control group only gave general verbal instruction and mission information. A total of 3 Day follow-up 1, 2 weeks after the review, compared two groups before and after oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results and the incidence of abnormal blood glucose. Results After the intervention, the OGTT of study group was lower than that of the control group (P <0.05), the fasting OGTT, the blood glucose of 1 hour and 2 hours were lower than that of the control group (P <0.05) Were lower than the control group and before intervention (P <0.05). Conclusions Combination of diet and exercise behavioral intervention can control blood glucose level in patients with GDM, which is an important method of GDM treatment.