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基于地统计学和GIS方法研究了合肥主城区一环内绿地表层土壤(0~10cm)的pH值和全氮、速效磷、全磷3种养分要素的空间变异特征,并应用半变异函数分析了pH和各养分要素的空间异质性程度。结果表明:土壤pH变化范围和变异系数分别为6.7~8.8和5.0%,全氮分别为292~3 789mg/kg和47.5%,全磷为147~2 470mg/kg和68.7%,速效磷为5.6~106.4mg/kg和65.7%;全磷含量的变异系数最大,其空间异质性主要由结构性因素引起,pH、全氮和速效磷的空间变异则由随机性因素和结构性因素共同作用引起。土壤全氮与pH之间存在显著负相关,而土壤全磷与速效磷存在显著正相关。pH和速效磷的最佳拟合模型为球状模型,全氮和全磷的最佳拟合模型为指数模型;通过Kriging插值得到合肥市一环内土壤pH和各养分的空间分布特征。
Based on geostatistics and GIS methods, the spatial variability of pH, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and total phosphorus in the surface soil (0 ~ 10cm) of the green belt in the main urban area of Hefei City was studied. The semi-variogram The spatial heterogeneity of pH and nutrients was analyzed. The results showed that the range of soil pH and coefficient of variation were 6.7 ~ 8.8 and 5.0% respectively, total nitrogen were 292 ~ 3 789mg / kg and 47.5%, total phosphorus was 147 ~ 2270mg / kg and 68.7%, available phosphorus was 5.6 ~ 106.4mg / kg and 65.7% respectively. The coefficient of variation of total phosphorus content was the largest, and its spatial heterogeneity was mainly caused by structural factors. The spatial variability of pH, total nitrogen and available phosphorus was caused by both random and structural factors cause. There was a significant negative correlation between soil total nitrogen and pH, while there was a significant positive correlation between soil total phosphorus and available phosphorus. The best fitting model of pH and available phosphorus was spherical model, and the best fitting model of total nitrogen and total phosphorus was exponential model. The Kriging interpolation was used to obtain the soil pH and the spatial distribution characteristics of nutrients in the first ring of Hefei.