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钙拮抗剂自1964年问世后,广泛用于治疗心血管疾病,主要作用机理是抑制细胞慢钙通道的Ca~(++)内流。各种钙拮抗剂在Ca~(++)拮抗选择性、组织特异性和作用持续时间上有显著差别,对心血管和非心血管系统的作用不尽相同,故分为若干类。对眼压有不同影响,有时能增加睫状体血流量而升眼压,有时却降低局部血压,抑制睫状体上皮细胞的通透性而降眼压。局部用药表现出双侧性和随剂量变化的双相性两个特点。其中有些药物降眼压作用显著,而且能改善视乳头血流灌注,预防或减轻青光眼患者的视野缺损,可望成为一类新的抗青光眼药物。
Since its advent in 1964, calcium antagonists have been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The main mechanism of action is to inhibit the Ca ~ (++) influx in cells’ slow calcium channel. A variety of calcium antagonists in the Ca ~ (++) antagonistic selectivity, tissue specificity and duration of the role of significant differences in the role of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular system are not the same, it is divided into several categories. Have different effects on intraocular pressure, sometimes increased ciliary body blood flow and intraocular pressure, and sometimes reduce local blood pressure, inhibit the permeability of ciliary body epithelial cells and reduce intraocular pressure. Topical administration exhibits bilaterally and biphasic characteristics that vary with dose. Some of these drugs significantly reduce intraocular pressure, and can improve the optic disc perfusion, prevent or reduce glaucoma patients with visual field defects, is expected to become a new class of anti-glaucoma drugs.