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目的探讨彩色多普勒超声对颈动脉斑块易损性与脑血管意外相关性的评估价值。方法选取本院在2013年6月~2016年6月接诊的135例颈动脉硬化斑块患者作为研究对象,根据有无脑血管意外发生分为2组,发生脑血管意外的40例患者纳入研究组,未发生脑血管意外的95例患者纳入对照组,运用彩色多普勒超声技术对两组患者的颈动脉硬化斑块进行检查,对比、总结斑块的声像特征,并对斑块与脑血管意外进行相关性分析。结果研究组患者的软斑、溃疡斑占比分别为25.40%、30.16%显著高于对照组,扁平斑、宽底硬斑占比分别为11.11%、17.46%,显著低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组的窄底硬斑占比为15.87%,略高于对照组,但组间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。研究组中易损斑块占比为71.43%,对照组易损斑块占比为44.35%,组间比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。脑血管意外与易损斑块呈正相关(r=0.857,P<0.05)。结论颈动脉斑块易损性与脑血管意外的发生显著相关,彩色多普勒超声技术可通过评估颈动脉斑块的易损性来预测患者的脑血管意外风险。
Objective To evaluate the value of color Doppler ultrasound in detecting carotid plaque vulnerability and cerebrovascular accident. Methods A total of 135 patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques treated in our hospital from June 2013 to June 2016 were enrolled in this study. According to the presence or absence of cerebrovascular accident, 40 patients with cerebrovascular accident were included in the study In the study group, 95 patients without cerebrovascular accident were enrolled in the control group. The carotid atherosclerotic plaques in both groups were examined by color Doppler sonography. The plaque features were compared and summarized. Correlation analysis with cerebrovascular accident. Results The percentage of spotted and ulcerated lesions in study group was 25.40% and 30.16% respectively, which was significantly higher than that in control group (11.11% and 17.46%, respectively) (P < 0.05). The proportion of narrow-bottom sclerosis in the study group was 15.87%, which was slightly higher than that in the control group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). The proportion of vulnerable plaque in the study group was 71.43%, while that in the control group was 44.35%. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). Cerebrovascular accident was positively correlated with vulnerable plaque (r = 0.857, P <0.05). Conclusion The vulnerability of carotid artery plaque is significantly correlated with the occurrence of cerebrovascular accident. Color Doppler ultrasound can predict the risk of cerebrovascular accident by assessing the vulnerability of carotid artery plaque.