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21世纪之初,是我国实行了“改革开放”政策经济发展速度最快的十年,这也同时带动了我国民族关系新的形态形成。但与此同时,社会利益格局的变化也引发了少数民族地区社会矛盾的爆发,较为恶劣的有2008年拉萨发生的“3.14”事件以及2009年新疆乌鲁木齐的“7.5”事件,这将我国少数民族地区社会现状、经济发展问题、生存矛盾展现在人民面前,从而引发了更多关注。其中,人力迁移是个显著的问题。在这样一个背景下,开展对我国少数民族人力状况研究,有益于通过稳固民族关系来实现国家社会和谐。本文对我国民族地区的地域特征以及少数民族地区人力状况进行了总结,对少数民族人力迁移趋势进行分析探讨。
At the beginning of the 21st century, China implemented the policy of “reform and opening up” with the fastest pace of economic development in its ten years, which at the same time has also led to the formation of a new form of ethnic relations in our country. However, at the same time, the changes in the pattern of social interest have also triggered the outbreak of social conflicts in ethnic minority areas. The worst are the “3.14” incident in Lhasa in 2008 and the “7.5” incident in Urumqi in Xinjiang in 2009, In the minority areas of our country, the social status quo, the problems of economic development, and the contradictions of subsistence have been shown before the people, which has drawn more attention. Among them, the relocation of manpower is a significant problem. Under such a background, carrying out researches on the manpower conditions of ethnic minorities in our country is conducive to achieving national social harmony through solid ethnic relations. This article summarizes the regional characteristics of ethnic areas in our country and the manpower status in ethnic minority areas, and analyzes the trends of minority migration.