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二十世纪末开始,食品安全问题在世界范围内不断涌现,私营标准作为私人部门参与食品安全问题治理的工具开始出现。虽然食品安全私营标准在国际食品贸易中起到了提高产品质量和国际竞争力,使产品更加符合消费者多样化需求的积极作用,但是随着私营标准的广泛使用,其也遭到了许多发展中国家的强烈反对,认为私营标准将成为贸易歧视的工具,给发展中国家的中小生产者带来巨大损失。文章通过分析私营标准对食品国际贸易的影响以及私营标准与SPS协定的冲突和联系,试图从WTO框架下寻找解决食品国际贸易私营标准问题的方法 。
Since the late twentieth century, the issue of food safety has emerged all over the world. Private standards have emerged as tools for the private sector to participate in the governance of food safety issues. Although the private standards for food safety have played a positive role in international food trade in improving product quality and international competitiveness and making products more in line with the diversified needs of consumers, they have also suffered many developing countries with the widespread use of private standards Strongly oppose the view that private standards will become a tool of trade discrimination and bring huge losses to small and medium-sized producers in developing countries. By analyzing the impact of private standards on international trade of food and the conflict and connection between private standards and SPS, the article attempts to find ways to solve the private standards of international trade in food under the framework of WTO.