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在现代主义的形式主义之后,当代艺术作品经常被赋予一种批判功能。这样的作品据说“质疑”世界,并要求对世界“重新思考”以及“反思”……这样的表述指向了苏格拉底式的哲学基础,即哲学家揭示了意见的不稳定性、偏见,废除了没有在理性中奠基的日常信仰和信念。因此,在主宰了19世纪的哲学体系中发生的哲学对艺术占据优势之后,我们在今日发现一种艺术对于哲学任务即批判性质疑所占据的优势。本文试图重建这一新理论态度的历史起源,并试图通过对艺术得以实施这一批判性纲领所需的条件进行考察来评价这一理论态度的相关性。
After modernist formalism, contemporary works of art are often given a critical function. Such works are said to have “questioned” the world and called for “rethinking” and “introspection” ... of the world ... to point to the Socratic basis of philosophy that philosophers unveil Stability, prejudice, abolished daily beliefs and beliefs that did not lay the foundation in reason. Thus, after the philosophies that prevailed in the philosophical system of the nineteenth century dominated art, we found today an advantage of art over the philosophical mission of critical challenge. This article attempts to rebuild the historical origins of this new theoretical attitude and attempt to assess the relevance of this theoretical attitude by examining the conditions necessary for art to implement this critical program.