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振荡器是一种能自动地将直流能量转换为一定波形的交变振荡信号的转换电路。它与放大器的主要区别在于,它无需外加激励信号,就能产生具有一定频率、一定波形和一定振幅的交流信号。 根据所产生的波形不同,振荡器可分为正弦波振荡器和非正弦波振荡器。前者产生正弦波,后者产生矩形波、三角波、锯齿波等。本讲只介绍正弦波振荡器。这是因为正弦波振荡器在无线电技术领域有着极为广泛的应用。在无线电发送设备中,正弦波振荡器可用来产生载波;在超外差接收机中,可用来构成本地振荡器;在各种定时系统中,可用作时间基准信号。在研制和调试各类电子设备时所需的信号源和各种测量仪器中,也大多包含有振荡器,例如高频信号发生器、音频信号发生器等等。总之,振荡器在电子测量、通信等系统中是必不可少的。
Oscillator is a can automatically convert the DC energy into a certain waveform of the alternating oscillation signal conversion circuit. The main difference between the amplifier and it is that it can generate an AC signal with a certain frequency, certain waveform and certain amplitude without the need of an excitation signal. Depending on the waveform generated, the oscillator can be divided into a sine wave oscillator and a non-sine wave oscillator. The former produces a sine wave, which produces a rectangular wave, triangle wave, sawtooth wave and so on. This talk only introduces sine wave oscillator. This is because the sine wave oscillator has a very wide range of applications in the field of radio technology. In radio transmitting equipment, a sine wave oscillator can be used to generate a carrier wave; in a superheterodyne receiver, it can be used to form a local oscillator; it can be used as a time reference signal in various timing systems. In the development and commissioning of various types of electronic equipment required signal source and a variety of measuring instruments, most of them include oscillators, such as high-frequency signal generator, audio signal generator and so on. In short, the oscillator in the electronic measurement, communication and other systems is essential.