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目的通过了解岳阳市麻疹流行病学特征,为该市消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法利用Excel 2010对收集的岳阳市2010—2013年麻疹发病数据进行分析。结果岳阳市2010—2013年报告麻疹确诊病例301例,年平均报告发病率为1.32/10万(301/22 872 291)。其中,男性报告发病193例,女性报告发病108例,男女发病性别比为1.79∶1;散居儿童发病占80.73%(243/301),其次为托幼儿童占4.65%(14/301);<8月龄和8~17月龄病例数分别占所有报告病例数的36.88%(111/301)和31.56%(95/301);8~17月龄病例(95例)中有64例含麻疫苗接种剂次为0,占该年龄段报告病例的67.37%;18~23月龄病(17例)例中有13例含麻疫苗接种剂次为0,占76.4%,2例含麻疫苗接种剂次为1,占11.76%。结论岳阳市应加强婴幼儿的常规免疫工作,做好麻疹疫苗的强化免疫和查漏补种工作,以达消除麻疹之目标。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Yueyang City and provide a scientific basis for the elimination of measles in the city. Methods Excel 2010 was used to analyze the data of measles collected from 2010 to 2013 in Yueyang City. Results 301 cases of measles were reported in Yueyang from 2010 to 2013, with an average annual incidence of 1.32 / 100 000 (301/22 872 291). Among them, 193 cases were reported in males and 108 cases were reported in females. The sex ratio of males to females was 1.79:1. The incidence of diaspora was 80.73% (243/301), followed by 4.65% (14/301) Eighty-eight-month-old and eight-to-17-month-old cases accounted for 36.88% (111/301) and 31.56% (95/301) of all reported cases respectively. Sixty-eight of 95 cases aged 8-17 months The number of vaccination was 0, accounting for 67.37% of the reported cases in this age group; 13 of the 18 to 23-month-old patients (17 cases) Inoculation was 1, accounting for 11.76%. Conclusion Yueyang City should strengthen routine immunization of infants and young children, and do a good job of measles vaccine immunization and leak detection and replanting so as to eliminate measles.