论文部分内容阅读
一、绪论 (一)多巴胺(儿茶酚乙胺)(Dopamine;DA) 过去认为,多巴胺只是去甲肾上素(NE)合成时的中间体;但脑内DA与NE的分布并不一致。如哺乳类动物脑中DA有80％集中在黑质-纹状体,以尾核和壳核尤多。其DA:NE约为100∶1。而且纹状体中之DA主要含于突触体部分,提示DA可能有突触传递功能;后来发现刺激黑质可引起尾核内DA释放,从而证实黑质中有DA能神经元。其后,又证明中脑-边缘系统、丘脑下部以及交感神经节中也有DA能神经元。所以,DA本身就是一种神经递质。 为了便于说明问题,首先复习一下多巴胺的合成、储存、释放、降解等生物代谢过程。
I. INTRODUCTION 1. Dopamine (DA) Historically, dopamine was only an intermediate in the synthesis of norepinephrine (NE); however, the distribution of DA and NE in the brain was not consistent. For example, in mammals, 80% of brain DA is concentrated in the substantia nigra and striatum, especially caudate and putamen. Its DA: NE is about 100: 1. And DA in the striatum is mainly contained in the synaptosome portion, suggesting that DA may have synaptic transmission; later found to stimulate the substantia nigra can cause DA release within the caudate nucleus, thereby confirming DA neurons in the substantia nigra. Later, it was demonstrated that there are also DA neurons in the midbrain-limbic system, in the hypothalamus, and in the sympathetic ganglia. Therefore, DA itself is a neurotransmitter. In order to explain the problem, first review the synthesis, storage, release, degradation and other biological metabolic processes of dopamine.