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look,seem,appear三个词都可以表示“看起来、好像”,但有所区别。
首先,在意义上,三者的侧重点不同。
look意为“看来好像、似乎、显得”,强调直观感受,是“根据视觉印象作出的判断”,这种判断有可能与事实相符,也有可能与事实不符。
seem意为“好像、似乎”,强调主观印象,是说话人“主观上根据某种迹象得出的看法、结论或判断”,并暗含了“这种判断有一定根据,接近于实际情况”的意思。
appear意为“显得、看来好像、似乎”,是“根据外表作出的判断”,含有“实质上并非如此”的意味。
例1 Miss Lucy looks quite pretty. 露茜小姐看上去很漂亮。(客观地指出Lucy的外表给人的直观印象很漂亮)
例2Miss Lucy seems quite pretty. 露茜小姐看起来很漂亮。(强调自己觉得Lucy很漂亮)
例3Miss Lucy appears quite pretty. 露茜小姐显得很漂亮。(暗指Lucy貌似很漂亮,实际上不怎么漂亮)
除了意义不同,在用法上,look, seem, appear也有区别。
(1) look可用于进行时(尽管也不多见),而seem,appear均不能。
例4You are looking very unhappy. What’s the matter? 你看来不高兴,怎么啦?
(2) 与动词不定式连用时,seem和appear后既可以接to be(常可省去),也可接to do sth. 或to have done sth.;而look只能接to be。
例5They don’t seem/appear to have known about the secret. 他们似乎还不知道这个秘密。
例6He looks/seems/appears to be a rich man. 他看上去像个有钱人。
(3) look和seem能与介词like构成习语,表示“看上去好像……”之意;而appear不能,因为它本身就有此含义了。
例7He looks/seems like a fool. 他看起来像个大傻瓜。
例8The weather does not look like clearing up. 天气不像会晴朗起来。
(4) seem和appear可用于“It seems/appears that...”和“There seems/
appears to be...”的结构中,而look不能。
例9 It seemed/appeared that he had a taste for music. 看来他对音乐有一定的鉴赏力。
例10There seems/appears to be no difficulties to be discussed. 看来没有什么难题要讨论。
(5) look,seem,appear三者都可接as if引导的表语从句,但当as if后的从句采用虚拟语气时,不能用appear。
例11It seems/looks/appears as if it is going to snow. 天好像要下雪。
例12It seems/looks as if it might/should have a thunder-storm. 好像会有雷雨天气。(句中采用虚拟语气,所以这里不能用appear)
【牛刀小试】
1. Wearing a snow-white skirt, shelike an angel.
A. appeared B. looked C. seemed
2. Last week, Peter had got ill, but he iswell today.
A. seeming B. appearing C. looking
3.that the problem is too difficult for us to work out.
A. It seems B. It looks C. There appears
4. His sister is fifty but sheyoung.
A. looks B. appears C. seems
5. He paid so much money for the worthless thing that helike a fool.
A. seemed B. appeared C. looked
6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,as if it were broken.
A. there seems B. it appears C. it looks
7.to have been a mistake in your plan.
A. There appears B. There looks C. It seems
8. The girl said that she felt terrible andto have caught a cold.
A. looked B. seemed C. was appeared
【参考答案】
1. B (句意为“穿着一条雪白的裙子,她就像一个天使”,这是根据外表作出的客观描述,look比seem更贴切,而appear不可以和like搭配)
2. C (只有look可用于进行时态,seem和appear都不能这样使用)
3. A (本句考查It appears/seems that...句型,look不能用于这一句型;而在there appears/seems to be...句型中,to be不能省略)
4. B (句意表示“看起来很年轻,事实并非如此”,用appear)
5. A (look和seem后都可以与like连用,表示“看起来好像”,但句中是根据“他花很多钱买没用的东西”这个实际情况作出判断,所以用seem;而appear不能和like搭配)
6. C (句中as if引导的表语从句用了虚拟语气,而appear不能用于虚拟语气;选项A中的there不能指代pencil)
7. A (这是个表示存在的there be句型,只不过是完成时态,所以seem前不能用it而要用there;而look不能用在there... be为引导词的结构中)
8. B (look后不能跟to do句式; seem和appear后可接to do sth., 但appear不能用被动形式)
Keys to Kazakhstan Building a Giant Indoor City
Astana has the same situation as Dubai except that it is very cold in Astana and very hot in Dubai.
《充分发挥你的破坏欲》答案
至少需要删除6个点。
首先,在意义上,三者的侧重点不同。
look意为“看来好像、似乎、显得”,强调直观感受,是“根据视觉印象作出的判断”,这种判断有可能与事实相符,也有可能与事实不符。
seem意为“好像、似乎”,强调主观印象,是说话人“主观上根据某种迹象得出的看法、结论或判断”,并暗含了“这种判断有一定根据,接近于实际情况”的意思。
appear意为“显得、看来好像、似乎”,是“根据外表作出的判断”,含有“实质上并非如此”的意味。
例1 Miss Lucy looks quite pretty. 露茜小姐看上去很漂亮。(客观地指出Lucy的外表给人的直观印象很漂亮)
例2Miss Lucy seems quite pretty. 露茜小姐看起来很漂亮。(强调自己觉得Lucy很漂亮)
例3Miss Lucy appears quite pretty. 露茜小姐显得很漂亮。(暗指Lucy貌似很漂亮,实际上不怎么漂亮)
除了意义不同,在用法上,look, seem, appear也有区别。
(1) look可用于进行时(尽管也不多见),而seem,appear均不能。
例4You are looking very unhappy. What’s the matter? 你看来不高兴,怎么啦?
(2) 与动词不定式连用时,seem和appear后既可以接to be(常可省去),也可接to do sth. 或to have done sth.;而look只能接to be。
例5They don’t seem/appear to have known about the secret. 他们似乎还不知道这个秘密。
例6He looks/seems/appears to be a rich man. 他看上去像个有钱人。
(3) look和seem能与介词like构成习语,表示“看上去好像……”之意;而appear不能,因为它本身就有此含义了。
例7He looks/seems like a fool. 他看起来像个大傻瓜。
例8The weather does not look like clearing up. 天气不像会晴朗起来。
(4) seem和appear可用于“It seems/appears that...”和“There seems/
appears to be...”的结构中,而look不能。
例9 It seemed/appeared that he had a taste for music. 看来他对音乐有一定的鉴赏力。
例10There seems/appears to be no difficulties to be discussed. 看来没有什么难题要讨论。
(5) look,seem,appear三者都可接as if引导的表语从句,但当as if后的从句采用虚拟语气时,不能用appear。
例11It seems/looks/appears as if it is going to snow. 天好像要下雪。
例12It seems/looks as if it might/should have a thunder-storm. 好像会有雷雨天气。(句中采用虚拟语气,所以这里不能用appear)
【牛刀小试】
1. Wearing a snow-white skirt, shelike an angel.
A. appeared B. looked C. seemed
2. Last week, Peter had got ill, but he iswell today.
A. seeming B. appearing C. looking
3.that the problem is too difficult for us to work out.
A. It seems B. It looks C. There appears
4. His sister is fifty but sheyoung.
A. looks B. appears C. seems
5. He paid so much money for the worthless thing that helike a fool.
A. seemed B. appeared C. looked
6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,as if it were broken.
A. there seems B. it appears C. it looks
7.to have been a mistake in your plan.
A. There appears B. There looks C. It seems
8. The girl said that she felt terrible andto have caught a cold.
A. looked B. seemed C. was appeared
【参考答案】
1. B (句意为“穿着一条雪白的裙子,她就像一个天使”,这是根据外表作出的客观描述,look比seem更贴切,而appear不可以和like搭配)
2. C (只有look可用于进行时态,seem和appear都不能这样使用)
3. A (本句考查It appears/seems that...句型,look不能用于这一句型;而在there appears/seems to be...句型中,to be不能省略)
4. B (句意表示“看起来很年轻,事实并非如此”,用appear)
5. A (look和seem后都可以与like连用,表示“看起来好像”,但句中是根据“他花很多钱买没用的东西”这个实际情况作出判断,所以用seem;而appear不能和like搭配)
6. C (句中as if引导的表语从句用了虚拟语气,而appear不能用于虚拟语气;选项A中的there不能指代pencil)
7. A (这是个表示存在的there be句型,只不过是完成时态,所以seem前不能用it而要用there;而look不能用在there... be为引导词的结构中)
8. B (look后不能跟to do句式; seem和appear后可接to do sth., 但appear不能用被动形式)
Keys to Kazakhstan Building a Giant Indoor City
Astana has the same situation as Dubai except that it is very cold in Astana and very hot in Dubai.
《充分发挥你的破坏欲》答案
至少需要删除6个点。