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以日本阪神大震灾中神户、芦屋和西宫三市的给排水管道的震害为主要研究对象,分析了震害的分布及与地质条件、地震烈度、地表加速度等因素的关系;对三个典型区域进行了网格细化,有关数据归纳整理后表明这些因素虽与管道震害有一定的联系,但并非是导致地震破坏的主要因素;提出了相邻地层间地震时的相对位移这一指标,有受灾程度不同区域选点用等价线性有限元进行了计算,结果显示震害较轻的区域,地层的相对位移也较小,而相对位移大的区域也是震害严重的区域,从而表明相对位移对给排水管道这一地下线形构造物震害的直接影响。
The main object of this paper is earthquake damage to the sewer pipes in Kobe, Ashiya and Nishinomiya in the Great Hanshin Earthquake in Japan. The distribution of earthquake damage and its relationship with geological conditions, earthquake intensity and surface acceleration are analyzed. The typical regions are refined, and the data are summarized and concluded that although these factors have some connection with pipeline damage, they are not the main factors leading to earthquake damage. The relative displacement of adjacent strata is proposed An index and the number of selected sites in different degree of disaster were calculated by the equivalent linear finite element method. The results show that the area with less damage and the relative displacement of the formation are also smaller, while the area with larger relative displacement is also the area with severe damage. This shows that the relative displacement of the water supply and drainage pipelines underground structures directly affect the seismic damage.