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目的了解广州市白云区突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特征,为有效预防和控制突发公共卫生事件的发生提供科学依据。方法应用描述性流行病学方法对2008-2012年广州市白云区报告突发公共卫生事件进行分析。结果 2008-2012年广州市白云区共报告突发公共卫生事件54起,报告病例1 194例,死亡7例。传染病疫情48起(占88.89%),其中以甲型H1N1流感最多(29起,60.42%)。报告事件数最多的是2009年34起(占62.96%)。事件主要发生在6、9和12月份,共报告36起(占66.67%)。发生在学校的突发公共卫生事件31起(占57.41%)。从首例患者发病到报告的时间平均为5.60 d。结论广州市白云区突发公共卫生事件中呼吸道传染病类占居首位;学校学生中传染病疫情和食物中毒是突发事件的防控工作重点;早报告是控制突发事件的关键。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Baiyun District of Guangzhou City and provide a scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of public health emergencies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the reported public health emergencies in Baiyun District, Guangzhou from 2008 to 2012. Results A total of 54 public health emergencies were reported in Baiyun District of Guangzhou from 2008 to 2012, including 1 194 reported cases and 7 deaths. Outbreaks of infectious diseases were 48 (88.89%), of which H1N1 influenza was the most (29 cases, 60.42%). The largest number of reported incidents in 2009 34 (62.96%). The incidents occurred mainly in June, September and December and reported a total of 36 incidents (66.67%). There were 31 public health emergencies (57.41%) in schools. The time from the onset of the first patient to the report averaged 5.60 days. Conclusions Epidemic infectious diseases ranked first in Baiyun District public health emergency in Guangzhou. Infectious diseases epidemic and food poisoning among school students are the focus of prevention and control of emergencies. Early reporting is the key to control emergencies.