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为培育转基因抗逆棉花,本研究分析了通过花粉管通道法获得的转MvNHX1基因的10个棉花株系T5代棉花在干旱胁迫后的生理指标和农艺性状,综合分析转MvNHX1基因棉的抗逆性和育种价值。研究结果表明,经干旱胁迫后,形态方面转基因植株叶片颜色比非转基因植株绿,使得转基因植株光合作用更强;转基因植株的根系更发达,吸收水的能力更强。生理指标测定后发现,转基因棉花植株的叶片叶绿素含量提高了1.71倍,脯氨酸含量提高了1.68倍,丙二醛含量降低了31.7%。主要的农艺性状方面,在干旱胁迫下,转基因棉花株系有些农艺性状和产量性状高于对照,其中转基因株系10Z098-6、10Z098-3、10Z098-4、10Z098-2、10Z093和10Z032在有效铃数、有效果枝数、单铃重、皮棉、子棉和衣分等指标上明显高于对照,这些株系可以作为后续遗传育种材料。本研究为进一步培育转基因抗逆棉花品系奠定了基础。
In order to cultivate transgenic cotton with anti-retrogradation, we analyzed the physiological and agronomic traits of ten cotton lines T5, which transfered MvNHX1 gene through pollen tube pathway, after drought stress, and analyzed the resistance of MvNHX1 transgenic cotton Sex and breeding value. The results showed that after drought stress, the morphological aspects of transgenic plants leaves than green non-transgenic plants, making the photosynthesis of transgenic plants stronger; transgenic plants more developed root canal, the ability to absorb water stronger. The results of physiological index showed that the chlorophyll content of transgenic cotton plants increased by 1.71 folds, the proline content increased by 1.68 folds, and the content of malondialdehyde decreased by 31.7%. In terms of the main agronomic traits, some agronomic traits and yield traits of transgenic cotton plants were higher than those of the control under drought stress, among which the transgenic lines 10Z098-6, 10Z098-3, 10Z098-4, 10Z098-2, 10Z093 and 10Z032 were effective The number of bolls, number of effective branches, single boll weight, lint, sub-cotton and lint percentage were significantly higher than those of the control, and these lines could be used as subsequent genetic breeding materials. This study laid the foundation for further cultivation of transgenic cotton lines.