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在液镓电极上，反丁烯二腈（ＦＤＮ）的电氢化二聚（ＥＨＤ）不仅能在含离子型表面活性剂如四乙基对甲苯磺酸铵（ＴＥＡ＿ＰＴＳ）溶液中发生，同样也能在含低浓度的强表面活性剂如ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ＿１００溶液中进行．在不含有机表面活性剂的溶液中，ＦＤＮ在滴镓电极上产生一个２电子还原波，生成名为丁二腈的饱和单体．在水溶液中加入一定浓度的ＴＥＡ＿ＰＴＳ或低浓度的ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ＿１００时，原来的２电子还原波分裂成两个连续的单电子还原波，生成相应的电氢化二聚物．
Electrokinetic dimerization (EHD) of fumaronitrile (FDN) on liquid gallium electrodes can occur not only in solutions containing ionic surfactants such as tetraethyl ammonium p-toluene sulfonate (TEA_PTS), but also In a low concentration of a strong surfactant such as Tri tonX_100 solution. In solutions that do not contain organic surfactants, FDN generates a 2-electron reduction at the gallium-donning electrode, producing a saturated monomer called succinonitrile. When a certain concentration of TEA_PTS or low concentration of TritonX_100 is added to the aqueous solution, the original two-electron reduction wave splits into two successive single-electron reduction waves to generate the corresponding hydro-hydrogenated dimer.