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鸦片战争的炮火轰开了古老中国长期紧闭的大门,西洋文明以其先进的优势姿态,对中国人传统的世界观、价值观、伦理观等形成强烈的冲击和挑战。随之而来的先进印刷出版技术和报刊传媒,促使中国古典文学在中与西、新与旧等各种势力的冲击碰撞中,开始了从传统向现代的蜕变。在这样的背景下,传统文人阶层也发生着前所未有的裂变,踏上了向独立职业个体和现代知识分子的转型之路。一、从佣书西馆到自办报刊——王韬的身份转型
The artillery fire of the Opium War opened the door to long-term closure of ancient China. With its advanced superiority, Western civilization formed a strong impact and challenge on the Chinese traditional world outlook, values and ethics. The ensuing advanced printing and publishing technology and the press and media propelled Chinese classical literature to transform from tradition to modernity in the collision of various forces including China, West, New and Old. In this context, the traditional literati class has also undergone an unprecedented fission and embarked on a road of transition to an independent professional and modern intellectual. First, from the commission Xi Hall to run the newspaper - Wang Tao identity transformation