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龙卷风常发生于夏季的雷雨天气时,而且下午到傍晚最为多见。因为这个时候形成了高温高湿的不稳定气团,空气扰动得非常厉害,上下温度差也很悬殊。当地面的温度约为30℃时,8000米的高空温度可能会降到-30℃。这种温度差使冷空气急剧下降,热空气迅速上升,上下层空气对流速度过快,从而形成许多小旋涡。当这些小旋涡逐渐扩大,再加上激烈的震荡,就容易形成大旋涡,成为袭击地面或海洋的龙卷风了。
Tornadoes often occur during thunderstorms in summer, and are most common in the afternoon until late afternoon. Because this time the formation of high temperature and humidity of the unstable air mass, the air disturbance is very powerful, up and down the temperature difference is also very poor. When the temperature on the ground is about 30 ° C, the altitude of 8000 meters may drop to -30 ° C. This temperature difference causes the cold air to drop sharply, the hot air rises rapidly, the upper and lower air convection speed too fast, thus forming many small vortices. When these small vortex gradually expanded, coupled with intense concussion, it is easy to form a large whirlpool, a tornado on the ground or the sea.