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随着科学技术的迅速发展,产品生命周期不断缩短,市场竞争日趋激烈。为了企业的生存与发展,西方许多企业(尤其是大中型企业)已将研究与开发作为企业的首要战略。在这方面,西方企业既有其经验,也有其教训。在制定和实施研究与开发战略的过程中,它们的主要做法有如下几点: 1.企业主管亲自抓科研。不少西方企业的最高行政主管十分重视并亲自负责研究与开发工作。被美国《幸福》杂志连续八年评为“十佳企业”的默克制药公司就是如此。该公司现
With the rapid development of science and technology, the product life cycle has been shortened and the market competition has become increasingly fierce. For the survival and development of enterprises, many Western companies (especially large and medium-sized enterprises) have made research and development their top strategy. In this respect, Western companies have both their own experiences and lessons. In the process of formulating and implementing research and development strategies, their main practices include the following: 1. Corporate executives personally engage in scientific research. Many top Western executives attach great importance to and personally take charge of research and development work. This is the case with Merck Pharmaceuticals, which has been named “Top Ten Enterprise” for eight consecutive years by the United States “Happiness” magazine. The company now