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世界卫生组织(WHO)认识到儿童常规免疫的重要性,确立了一个目标,即到2000年所有儿童都应得到免疫的保护。在欧洲国家,目标是在1990年使2岁以下儿童初级免疫覆盖率达到90％。WHO进一步建议,对于适龄儿童,不应轻易地决定不用或推迟免疫。早产儿比足月儿更易患病,因为他们有较少的IgG。胎儿通过胎盘传递从母亲获取大量的IgG,IgG水平和孕期呈线性关系。过早的早产儿有极低水平的抗百日咳保护性抗体,因此这些儿童在新生儿期更易患呼吸道疾病,更易患百日咳。
Recognizing the importance of routine immunization of children, the World Health Organization (WHO) set a goal of ensuring that all children should be immunized by the year 2000. In European countries, the goal is to reach 90% of primary immunization coverage for children under 2 in 1990 by 1990. WHO further recommends that, for school-age children, immunization should not be easily decided or avoided. Premature infants are more susceptible than full-term infants because they have less IgG. The fetus receives a large amount of IgG from the mother through the placenta and has a linear relationship with the pregnancy. Early premature babies have very low levels of anti-pertussis protective antibodies, so these children are more susceptible to respiratory diseases during the neonatal period and are more susceptible to whooping cough.