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输配电价监管的基础是成本控制,国外市场经济国家大都从价格监管的需要出发建立一套独立的成本分类体系。输配电价水平监管的理论模型有收益率管制和激励性管制,后者的应用越来越广泛。国外输电和配电价格一般由接入费和使用费构成,使用费又分为固定和变动两部分,输电使用费更注重节点信号,倾向于边际成本定价;配电使用费更关注执行简便,以平均成本定价为主。我国也应建立起符合“事前监管”的成本构成规则,近期采用基于成本的收益率监管模式,并按统一分摊的邮票法确定分电压等级价格,长期要逐步引入激励性监管模式,依据节点或区域边际成本制定输电价格。
Transmission and distribution tariff regulation is based on cost control, the majority of foreign market economy from the price regulation needs to establish an independent cost classification system. The theoretical model of regulation of transmission and distribution price has rate of return control and incentive control, the latter is more and more widely used. Foreign transmission and distribution prices are generally composed of access fees and user fees, user fees are divided into fixed and variable two parts, transmission fee is more emphasis on node signals, tend to marginal cost pricing; distribution fee is more concerned with the implementation of simple, The average cost-based. Our country should also establish the rules of cost complying with “ex ante supervision ”, recently adopt cost-based rate of return regulation mode, and according to the uniform apportionment stamp method to determine the sub-voltage level price, long-term should gradually introduce the incentive supervision mode, based on Nodes or regional marginal costs to develop transmission prices.