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采用扫网、目测和手捕的方法,调查了山地桔园生态护理区和常规管理区节肢动物种群结构和多样性,获得生态护理区节肢动物2851只,隶属于2纲11目60科143种,常规管理区节肢动物2311只,隶属于2纲11目50科99种。生态护理区捕食性、寄生性和中性类亚群落节肢动物的种类增加了123.9%～168%,数量增加了83.5%～330.7%;捕食性、寄生性和中性类亚群落优势种群增多,而植食性亚群落相对减少;3—10月各亚群落消长动态相对平稳,害虫优势种柑桔红蜘蛛和桔蚜种群数量一直低于常规管理区,柑桔粉虱则相反;除植食性外,各亚群落的相对丰富度均大于常规管理区、优势集中度均小于常规管理区;总群落、捕食性、中性和植食性亚群落的Shannon指数分别比常规管理区高,而寄生性亚群落则低0.56,Hill多样性指数N1、N2与Shannon指数趋势相似;总群落、中性和植食性亚群落的均匀度指数高0.01～0.21,捕食性和寄生性的低0.03～0.04。因此,生态护理对增加桔园节肢动物种群结构和多样性效果明显,对害虫的持续控制和柑桔安全生产具有实际意义。
The population structure and diversity of arthropod populations in the ecological care area and routine management area of the mountain orange garden were investigated by means of scanning, visual inspection and hand catching. 2851 arthropods in ecological care area were obtained, belonging to 143 species There were 2311 arthropods in the routine management area, belonging to 99 orders of 2 families, 11 orders and 50 families. The species of arthropod in the predatory, parasitic and neutral sub-communities increased by 123.9% ~ 168% and the number increased by 83.5% ~ 330.7% in the ecotope. The predominant population of predatory, parasitic and neutral sub-communities increased, While the relative abundance of herbivorous sub-communities decreased. From March to October, the dynamics of growth and development of each sub-community was relatively stable. The populations of dominant species of citrus red spider and orange aphid were always lower than those of the conventional management area, , The relative richness of each sub-community is larger than that of the conventional management area, and the dominant concentration is less than that of the conventional management area. The Shannon index of the total community, predatory, neutral and herbivorous sub-communities are respectively higher than the conventional management area, The community diversity was lower by 0.56, and the diversity index of Hill diversity index N1 and N2 was similar to that of Shannon index. The evenness index of total community, neutrality and phytophagous subpopulation was 0.01-0.21, and the predation and parasitism was 0.03-0.04. Therefore, the ecological nursing has obvious effect on increasing the structure and diversity of arthropod populations in the orange orchard, and has practical significance for the sustainable control of pests and the safety production of citrus.