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针对阳城煤矿不等长工作面台阶区域发生冲击地压灾害问题,基于工作面特殊布置方式及覆岩赋存特征,采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场实测等方法,分析了台阶区域覆岩结构运动特征和围岩应力演化规律,研究了台阶区域冲击地压诱发机制。研究结果表明:1304工作面台阶区域覆岩经历了“OX-S-C”型较为复杂的结构演变,覆岩空间结构由OX向S型转换时,顶板岩层大面积破断下沉,在台阶区域形成多个悬臂梁结构,越往高位,悬臂梁长度越大;受覆岩运动和采动应力场叠加影响,煤岩体形成高应力集中区,在顶板岩层动载冲击作用下,煤岩体弹性应变能突然释放,诱发冲击地压。采用COMSOL软件对不同卸压钻孔参数下煤体应变能分布特征进行模拟研究,优化了台阶区域卸压钻孔参数。根据模拟结果,随着钻孔孔径、孔深增大及间距减小钻孔卸压效果越明显,考虑工程实际,确定孔径为150 mm、孔深为30 m、间距为1 m为合理有效的卸压钻孔参数,并应用于1302工作面台阶区域的冲击地压防治,取得了较好的防冲效果。
Aiming at the problem of rock burst in the stepped area of unequal working face in Yangcheng Coal Mine, based on the special layout of the working face and the characteristics of overlying strata, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement were used to analyze the overlying strata structure Movement characteristics and stress evolution of surrounding rock, the mechanism of rockburst induced by stepped area is studied. The results show that the overburden in the step area of 1304 working face has undergone a more complicated structural evolution of “OX-SC” type. When the overlying rock structure is transformed from OX to S-shape, The formation of a number of cantilever structure, the higher the high, the greater the length of the cantilever beam; influenced by overlying movement of rock and mining stress superimposed, coal and rock mass formation of high stress concentration area, under the impact of the dynamic load of roof strata, coal and rock mass Elastic strain can be suddenly released, triggering the impact of pressure. COMSOL software was used to simulate the distribution of strain energy of coal under different pressure-relief drilling parameters, and the parameters of relief drilling in stepped area were optimized. According to the simulation results, with the increase of hole diameter, hole depth and spacing, the effect of pressure relief is more obvious. Considering the engineering practice, it is reasonable and effective to determine the hole diameter of 150 mm, the hole depth of 30 m and the spacing of 1 m Pressure relief drilling parameters, and applied to 1302 face area of the impact pressure control, and achieved good anti-impact effect.