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目的 分析新乡市2012-2016年预防接种后死亡病例的特征.方法 通过中国免疫规划监测信息管理系统收集新乡市2012-2016年报告的预防接种后死亡个案信息, 采用描述性方法进行分析.结果 新乡市2012-2016年共报告预防接种后死亡个案8例, 年龄为39-289d, 接种至死亡的平均 (中位数) 时间为17.5h (2h-6d), 6例 (75.0％) 病例进行了尸检.经过调查诊断, 7例分类为偶合症、1例为异常反应, 报告发生率分别为0.11/10万剂、0.02/10万剂.结论 偶合症是预防接种后死亡的常见类型, 尸检有助于查明死因.“,”Objective To analyze deaths following immunization in Xinxiang city during 2012-2016.Methods We used the China Immunization Program Information Management System to obtain data on deaths following immunization during 2012-2016 in Xinxiang for a descriptive analysis. Results A total of 8 deaths following immunization were reported from 2012 to 2016 in Xinxiang. All were infants 39 to 289 days old. The median time from vaccination to death was 17. 5 hours ( range: 2 hours to 6 days).Autopsies were available for six cases ( 75. 0％). After causality assessment, seven cases were classified as coincidental events, and one case was an adverse reaction, for incidence rates of 0. 11 per 100 000 doses and 0. 02 per 100 000 doses, respectively. Conclusions Coincidental deaths are common following immunization. Autopsy may help identify causes of deaths following immunization.