论文部分内容阅读
在西方发达市场经济国家,国营企业是作为国家垄断资本主义发展的直接产物而出现的。早在本世纪初,德日等国就建立了相当规模的国营企业。30年代西方国家经济发生大危机后,尤其是第二次世界大战后,西方发达国家的国有化运动盛极一时,国营企业的规模及其在各国经济中的重要性迅速增长,成为发达国家政府对国民经济进行宏观调控的重要手段。到70年代初期,发达国家国营企业占国民经济的比重普遍较高。其中,奥地利高达31％,英国为25％,瑞典
In developed western market economies, state-owned enterprises emerged as a direct product of the development of state monopoly capitalism. As early as the beginning of this century, Germany and Japan and other countries established a considerable scale of state-owned enterprises. After the great crisis in the western countries in the 1930s, especially after the Second World War, the nationalized movement in western developed countries was very popular. The size of state-owned enterprises and their importance in the economies of all countries increased rapidly and became the government of developed countries The macro-control of the national economy an important means. By the early 1970s, the share of state-owned enterprises in the developed countries in the national economy was generally high. Among them, Austria up to 31%, Britain is 25%, Sweden