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以银氨络离子为前躯体,葡萄糖为还原剂,在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)组成的软模板中反应,首先得到形貌均一、粒径为(50±5)nm的纳米银颗粒,随后自发生长成银纳米棒.测试结果表明纳米银颗粒的等离子共振吸收峰在441 nm处,XRD表明其为面心立方体,在(111)晶面有最强吸收;高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)观察到的晶格条纹和孪晶面证实其为多重孪晶(MTP),选区电子衍射(SAED)进一步证实了其具有五重孪晶结构.由于孪晶结构具有很高的生长活性,故推断上述孪晶纳米银颗粒经PVP-SDS软模板诱导,在常温、水相且无需多元醇辅助的条件下,仅通过受约束Ostwald熟化生长,便可一锅法合成出各向异性的银纳米棒.用该法替代高温有机相并加入晶种的多元醇方法,提高了湿化学方法的实用性并可以显著降低制备一维银纳米材料的成本.
Using silver ammine complex ion as precursor and glucose as reducing agent, it was reacted in soft template composed of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and the morphology was uniform. The particle size was (50 ± 5) nm silver nanoparticles spontaneously grow into silver nanorods.The results show that the absorption peak of the nanosilver particles at 441 nm, XRD shows that it is face-centered cubic, the (111) crystal face has the strongest absorption (MTP) was confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and confirmed by selective electron diffraction (SAED), which has a quintic twin structure. Since the twin structure has the Therefore, it is concluded that the above-mentioned twinned nanosilver particles are induced by the PVP-SDS soft template and can be synthesized by one-pot synthesis only under controlled Ostwald ripening at room temperature and in aqueous phase without polyols. Anisotropic silver nanorods can be used to replace the high temperature organic phase and add seed polyols to improve the practicability of the wet chemical method and to significantly reduce the cost of preparing one-dimensional silver nanomaterials.