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目的了解下呼吸道医院感染的危险因素。方法对医院感染的高危病房进行空气、器械以及工作人员手、患者生活用品等进行细菌学检查。并从两个病房各随机抽出３０例患有ＣＯＰＤ、肺癌、糖尿病等基础病的患者，观察其下呼吸道医院感染的发病率。结果发现两病房带菌污染、两组患者医院感染发病率以及致病菌等方面均有较大不同。结论以往研究多偏向已经发生医院感染的病例，应加强预防医院感染的研究，使之发病率下降。
Objective To understand the risk factors of nosocomial infection in lower respiratory tract. Methods To carry out bacteriological examination on air, equipment, staff’s hand, patient’s daily necessities and so on in the high-risk ward of hospital infection. Thirty patients with COPD, lung cancer, diabetes and other basic diseases were randomly selected from two wards to observe the incidence of nosocomial infections in lower respiratory tract. The results showed that two wards contaminated with bacteria, the incidence of nosocomial infections and pathogenic bacteria in both groups are quite different. Conclusion In the past, there were many biases in cases of nosocomial infections and the prevention of nosocomial infections should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.