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目的分析2008年-2012年余姚市5岁以下儿童死亡原因,为制定干预措施提供科学依据,降低我市5岁以下儿童死亡率。方法对余姚市2008年-2012年5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料按年龄及死因进行分析。结果 5岁以下儿童死亡率呈逐年下降趋势,婴儿前5位主要死因为早产/低出生体重先天性心脏病其他先天缺陷意外窒息和出生窒息。1-4岁儿童前5位主要死因为溺水婴儿肿瘤意外窒息肺炎和交通意外。结论降低婴儿死亡是降低5岁以下儿童死亡的关键。应加强孕产期保健工作,整合产科及儿科等优势学科的联动效应,完善产科、儿科的抢救机制,普及推广新生儿窒息复苏抢救技术。对1-4岁儿童应加强安全教育,完善基层宣教保健网络体系,积极改善儿童生存质量。
Objective To analyze the causes of death among children under 5 years of age in Yuyao from 2008 to 2012, provide a scientific basis for formulating interventions and reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 in our city. Methods The data of death monitoring of children under 5 years of age in Yuyao from 2008 to 2012 were analyzed by age and cause of death. Results The mortality rate of children under 5 showed a declining trend year by year. The top 5 causes of infant death were premature birth / low birth weight congenital heart disease other birth defects accidental suffocation and birth asphyxia. The top 5 leading causes of death in children aged 1-4 are drowning baby’s accidental asphyxia pneumonia and traffic accidents. Conclusion Reducing infant mortality is the key to reducing the death of children under five years of age. Should strengthen maternal health care, integration of obstetrics and pediatrics and other advantages of the linkage effect of discipline, improve the obstetrics and gynecology rescue mechanism, popularize neonatal asphyxia resuscitation and rescue techniques. Safety education should be strengthened for 1-4-year-old children, improve the network system of grass-roots mission education and health care, and actively improve children’s quality of life.